Gas-engine.



L. M. ELHS.

GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-29,1912- I 1 ,265,891 Patented May14, 1918.

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' x, r\ J a 1 f L 0 n d a H VWTNESSES: INVENTOR I I 2 In BY ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS M. ELLIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN ASSIGNOIR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

BESSEMER GAS ENGINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS-ENGINE.

Application filed August 29, 1912.

" 42; all whom it ma concern:

ing had to the accompanying drawings,

which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to gas engines and an object of my improvements is to pro vide means for supplying the liquid fuel to "the passageway 1n a two-cycle engine.

I accomplish this object in the device illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which: i

The figure is a cross section of an engine and the apparatus embodying my invention attached thereto.

a is the crank case b is the combustion chamber of the cylinder m. c is the bypass passage. {1 is an air tight reservoir for receiving the liquid hydrocarbon. fis a supply pipe to the reservoir (1. and e is a check valve opening toward the reservoir (Z and adapted to close the mouth of the pipe f. g is a )ipe leading from the reservoir (l under the" surface of the liquid therein to the delivery apparatus. h is the delivery apparatus which opens into the passage 0 near the delivery end thereof. 5 is a casing for a throttle valve. f} is the intake ort. k is a throttle valve in the casing '3. he throttle valve In is located toward the deliver end of the bypass passage 0 and between t e de livery apparatus In and the port 3'.

m. is a )ipe communicatingmwith the reser \oir d a ove the level of t e fluid therein and opening at n through the wall ot the engine cylinder atoward the lower end of said cylinder.

0 is a hollow piston in the cylinder :0 adapted to be-reciprocated by the connecting rod 1' and crank 8 in the usual manner. is a small opening through the wall of the piston 0. The opening p is adapted to register with the opening 10. to the pipe m at the lower end of the stroke of the piston o and to thereby put the pipe at into comniunication with the crank case 0.. q is a set screw adapted to regulate the area of the passage Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1918.

Serial No. 717,662.

through the opening p. r is a jam out for fixing the screw q in any adjusted position.

The operation of the above described device is as follows:

lVhen the piston 0 rises a partial vacuum is created in the crank case a which is supplied by air from the atmosphere in any usual way. On the tip-stroke of the piston 0, the opening n is uncovered by the piston 0 passing above it, so that the vacuum of the crank case a is communicated to the interior of the reservoir (1 and the liquid hydrocarbon is drawn thereby into the reservoir from the supply pipe f. \Vhen the piston o descends air is compressed in the crank case a, which pressure is communicated through the pipe m to the reservoir d.

When the piston passes over the opening communication is shut oil betweelpi said crank case; the pipe m and the rese voir d. The piston 0 passing over the port 7' uncovers the same, and permits the air to rush through the b pass 0 into the combustion chamber 6. T epressure in the reservoir (l forcing out the liquid fuel through the delivery apparatus h which is taken up by the passing air and carried into the combustion chamber 1). When the piston 0 descends farther, the opening p registers with the opening at and the pressure in the reservoir (l is relieved by passing through the pipe at to the crank case a which has been relieved of its air pressure by the opening of the part j. If there is a slnall area of passageway through the openingp, the pressure in the reservoir (l falls slowly and if the area is greater it falls morerapidlyi Thus by adjusting, or selecting, the area of the opening through which the pressure from the reservoir may be relieved the rate at which the liquid is delivered may be adjusted.

By turning the throttle valve In, the area of the port is adjusted so that the rate at which the air passes from the crank chambar a to the combustion chamber b n my be thereby regulated.

When the throttle valve 70 is turned so as to leave a small passage. as shown by dotted lines, through the port 7', the ressure in the crank case afalls slowly andt ereiore, other 7 delivered through the a paratus h in pro portion as the area of t e passage through the port is contracted.

What claim is 1. In an internal combustion-engine, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston Within said cylinder; a compression chamber; a working chamber; a by-pass connecting said compression and workin chambers; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to supply a liquid fuel to said by-pass; a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression 0 amber are placed in communication with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestricted flow of fluid may occur-during the greater art of each successive cycle of operation 0 the engine,

and a restricted flow when fueljs being supplied by said delivery apparatus as aforesaid; and means for restricting the flow through said conduit, said restriction being uniform through a portion of the stroke of the piston when fuel is being supplied by said delivery apparatus.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said cylinder; a com ression chamber; a working chamber; a y-pass through which said compression and working chambers are placed in communication with one another toward the end of the Working stroke of the piston; a throttle valve adapted to control the flow through said by-pass; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to supply a liquid fuel to said by-pass; a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed in comnuulicution with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestricted flow of fluid may occur during the greater part of each successive cycle of operation of the engine, and a restricted flow when fuel is being supplied by said delivery apparatus as aforesaid; and means forrcstrlctmg' the flow through said conduit, said restriction being uniform throu h a portion of the stroke of the pistonw en'fuel is being supplied by said delivery apparatus.

3 In an engineof the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said cylinder; at coulpressioi'i chamber; a working chamber; a by-pass through which said compression and working chambers are placed in communication with one another toward the end of the working stroke of the piston; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to supply a liquid fuel to said by-pass: a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed in CO1- munication with one another and" through which conduit a relatively free and unrestricted flow of fluid may occur during the greater art of each successive cycle ofo eration of the engine, and a restricted ow when fuel is being sup lied by said delivery apparatus as aforesal and means carried by and partaking of the movement of said piston for restricting the flow through said conduit, said restriction being uniform through a portion of the stroke 0 the piston when fuel is being supplied bysaid delivery apparatus.

4.. In an engine of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said cylinder; a compression chamber; a working chamber; a by-puss leading from said compression chamber and communicating with said working chamber through a port which is opened by the piston toward the end of the working stroke thereof; a throttle valve adapted to control the flow through said port; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a conduit leading from said fuel reservoir and terminating in a nozzle adjacent said throttle valve and adapted to dis charge liquid fuel into said by-pass; a con duit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed in communication with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestricted fiow of fluid may occur during the greater part of each successive cycle of operation of the engine, and a restricted flow when fuel is being supplied by said nozzle'as aforesaid; and means carried by and partaking of the movement of said piston for restricting the flow through said last mentioned conduit, said restriction being uniform through a portion of thestroke of the piston when fuel is being supplied by said nozzle.

5, In an internal combustion en ine, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston with said cylinder; a compression chamber; a wor ing chamber; a by-pass connecting said compression and working chambers; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; means whereby liquid fuel supplied from said fuel reservoir to the interior of said working chamber; a conduit communicating with said fuel reservoir and with said compression chamber and whereby said reservoir and chamber are placed in cornmunieation with one another, and through which conduit a relatively free and re, stricted How of fluid may occur between'said compression chamber and said fuel reservoir during the greater part ofeach successive cycle of operation of the engine, and a restrictcd flow when fuel is bein supplied by said fuel supply means as a oresaid; and means for restricting the flow through said conduit, said restriction being uniform through a portion of the stroke of the pistih'iwhcn fui-l is being supplied by said fuel li-ip ly means.

b. In an engine of the classdescribed, a

' cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said and the working stroke thereof; a resthrough which conduita relatively free and (yliwicgfja women; a compression chamber; a 'work- 'Municating with said i'voir Eulapicd to contain a liquid fuel; inqa ns ivher by liquid fuel is supplied from said rcsi-r'ioir to thc'intcrior of said worki-harnl ar: a conduit communicating with id 'lurl'rv rvoir andkvith said compression chamber and whereby said reservoir and chamber ..re placed in communication with one another. and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestricted flow of liquid may occur between said compres sion chamber and said fuel reservoir durin the greater part of each successive cycle 0 ope ation of the engine, and a restricted himwhen fuel is being supplied by said fuel supply means as aforesaid; and means carried by'and partaking of the movement of said piston for restricting the flow through said conduit, said restriction being uniform through a portion of the stroke of the piston when fuel is'being supplied by vaid fuel supply means as aforesaid.

7. in an internal combustion engine, a eylind'r; a reci n'ocating piston within said 'cvl mick; 9 compression chamber; a chamber; a by-pass connecting :sion and working chambers; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a passage through which liquid fuel is'supled from saidi'uel reservoir to the interior ga' working chamber; a conduit comfuel reservoir and \V'iill said compression chamber and whereby said reservoir and chamber are placed in coinnhmitaition with one another,- and lmres led how of fluid IiltIy OCCUI" between said compression chamber and said fuel res drvoir during the greater part of each suc- Qessivccycle of operation of the engine; and

' I ien fuel is being supplied'through said fuel supply passage as aforesaid; and means associated with and dependent for operation upon said said restriction l'iicl is being supplied through supply passage.

R. in an ny fuel reciprocating piston within said org-chamber; a by-pass leading from said compression chamber and communicating with said worlnn chamber through a port whic is opened y the piston toward the when said vent port a restrained flow through said fuel supply passage as aforeiston for restricting the How through saipconduit,

being uniform throlagh a om-tiohfof "the stroke of the-piston when enginciof the class described, a'

end of the \vi'irking stroke thereof; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to su 'iply a liquid fuel to said icy-pass; a conduit where said compression chamber toward tilt and of the working stroke of the piston; and means associated with said vcnt port for restraining the flow through said conduit registers with the end of said conduit.

9. In an engine of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said cylinder; a compression chamber; a working chamber; a by-pass through which said compression and working chambers are placed lllnbllll'llllIlICfllJlOIl with one another toward the end of the working stroke of the piston a reservoir adapted to contain a whereby liquid fuel is fuel reservoir to the inliquid fuel; means supplied from said tenor of said working chamber; a conduit communicating with said fuel reservoir and with saidcompression chamber and whereby said reservoir aid chamber are laced in communication with one another. and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestrained flow of fluid may occur betw cen said compression cl imber and said fuel reservoir'duriiig the greater part of each successive cycle of operation of the engine, and when fuel is being supplied aid; said piston having an opening or vent port adapted'to register with the end of said conduit which communlcates with raid compression chamber toward the end of the working stroke of the piston; and means carried by said piston and coiiperating with said ,vent

said vent port registers with the end of said cond uit. V

10. In an engine of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said 0 lindr; c amber;-a by-pass connecting said compression and working chambers and through which said chambers are. placed in, communication with one another toward 'theend of the workingstroke of tlie'piston; a throttle valve adapted to control the How through said by-pass; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to port. for restraining the how through said conduit when a compression chamber; a working supply a liquid fuel to said by-passa conduit communicating with said fuel reservoir and with said compression chamber and whereby said reservoir and chamber are placed in communication with one another, and through which conduit a flow of fluid may occur between said compression chamher and said fuel reservoir, said piston having an o ening or vent ort adapted to register wit the end of sai conduit which communicates with said com ression chamber toward the end of the wor ing stroke of the piston; and means carried by and partaking of the movement of said piston for varying the area of said opening .or vent port.

11. An internal combustion engine comprising a chamber for compressed air, a combustion chamber, means for transferring air from the air chamber to the combustion chamber, means for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, sai fuel supplying means comprising a float chamber, a fue conduit leading from the float chamber to a point adjacent the air inlet to the combustion chamber, a isoon reciprocable in the combustion chamoer, air conducting means tending during a part of the compression stroke to equalize the pressure in the float chamber and that in-the compression chamber, means associated with the piston for controlling 'thetotal free opening through the air conducting means whereby the pres sure in the float chamber is sub ected to a trappi action and subsequently restrict edly re eased with a restriction uniform through a portion of the stroke of the piston at a less rate than that of the original e ualization to cause a longer continued flow of fuelin the fuel conduit, said piston as so ciated means comprising a passage which comes into cooperation with a portion of the air conductlng means to accomplish the release of pressure.

12. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said 0 linder; a comprcssion chamber; a working c amber; a by-pass connecting said compression and working chambers; a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid fuel; a delivery apparatus; communicating with said reservein and adapted to supply a liquid fuel to said by-pass; a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed in communication with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestrained flow of fluid may occur during the. greater part of each successive cycle of operation of the an no, and a restrained flow at the moment 0 greatest opening of the bypass; and means for restraining the flow through the conduit at the moment of greatest opening of the b -pass when fuel is being supplied by said do ivery apparatus.

13. .In an engine of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston within said chamber,

therefrom, where y cylinder; a compression chamber; a working chamber; a by-pass leading from said compression chamber and communicating with said workin chamber through a port which is opened y the piston toward the end of the Working stroke thereof; a throttle valve adapted to control the flow through said (port; a reservoir adapted to contain a liqui fuel; a conduit leading from said fuel reservoir and terminating in a nozzle adjacent said throttle valve and adapted to discharge liquid fuel into said by-pass; a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed i ,1 communication with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestrained flow of fluid may occur during the greater part of each successive cycle of operation of the engine, and a restrained flow at the moment of greatest opening of the bypass; and means carried by and a'rtalring of the movement of said piston or restraining the flow through said last mentioned conduit at the moment of the greatest opening of the by-pass.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder whose upper end constitutes awo:k-

in chamber, a reciprocating gist/on within said cylinder, a compression 0 amber, a bypass connecting said compression and working chambers, a reservoir adapted to contain liquid fuel, a delivery apparatus communicating with said reservoir and adapted to supply a liquid fuel to said by-pass, a conduit whereby said fuel reservoir and compression chamber are placed in communication with one another and through which conduit a relatively free and unrestrained flow of air may occur during the greater art of each successive cycle of operation 0 the engine a'nd said flow is permitted but restrained at the moment ofgreatest opening of the bypass. H Y

15. An internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber, means for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion means for applying com ressed air to the fuel supplyingmeans and forthereafter allowing the air to therefrom, and movable means for controlling the application to and escape of air from the fuel sup lying means, safdgnovebleumeans inclu g a passage of less free cross-section than the free passage through the means for supplying the com re'ssed air to the fuel su plying means w reby less resistance is o ered to the application of air pressure to the fuel supplym means than to its escape a rapid flow of fuel is secured at one period in the cycle of the engine and a radually decreasing flow is secured therea r.

16. An internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber, means for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion use:

5 including an air eondpit 1n' communication with the air comp means, and movable means for eontrolhn the application to and escape of air from tie fuel supplying means, the escape of said air taking place 10 through a passage of maximum-free section less than the minimum crow-section of the air conduit whereby lees resistance is ofiered to the ahpiication of air pressure to the fuel supplyilgg means than to its escape therefrom, who y a rapid flow of fuel is lfi secured at one period in the cycle of the engine and a 1ge uduztlly decreasing flow is Secured therea r.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specifica tion in the presence of two witnesses.

LEWIS M. ELLIS.

Witnesses:

Vmomm C. Srmm, ELLIOT! J. S'ronmnn; 

